lunes, 8 de junio de 2009

Evelyn Venegas/ ASSIGNMENT #6//FOOD AND DRINK

1. Define the the following words/terms:
a. food: is any subtance (liquid or solid) that are consumed at different times oh the day.
b. nutrition: biological process in which organisms assimilate food and fluids necessary for operation, growth and maintenance of their vital functions.
c. hunting and gathering: a society which is subsisting on edible plants and animals from the wild. d. cuisine: is a specific set of cooking traditions and practices, often associated with a specific culture. It is often named after the region or place where its underlining culture is in presence.
e. gastronomy: is the study of the relationship between culture and food.
f. omnivores: are species that eat both plants and animals as their primary food source, general feeders not specifically adapted to eat and digest either meat or plant material exclusively
g. foodborne illness: illness resulting from consuming contaminated food.
h. culinary art: is the art of cooking is defined as something related to cooking.
2. Translate the following foods into Spanish (en español):
a. bread: pan
b. cheese: queso
c. pickles: pepinillo
d. mushrooms: setas (champiñones)
e. wheat: trigo
f. barley: cebada
g. oats: avena
h. sunflower seed (oil): semillas de girasol (aceite)
i. canola oil: aceite de canolas
j. eggplants: berenjenas
3. What is the difference between a herb and a spice?
Typically distinguishes between herbs, from the leafy green parts of a plant, and spices, from other parts of the plant, including seeds, berries, bark, root, fruit, and even occasionally dried leaves or roots.
4. What is the difference between a fruit and a vegetable?
In a sense botanico fruits and vegetables are treated because they are sweet.
5. Name 10 food products that come directly from animals.
Meat,Viennese,chicken,pate,milk,cheese,yogurth,eggs,honey,butter.
6. Define the word, sashimi.
Is a Japanese delicacy that consists mainly of raw seafood and fish.
7. Define the word, restaurant.
Is a trade where the public pays for the food and drink consumed by people, to be consumet on the premises or to carry.
8. Define the words:
a. famine: which phenomenon is usually accompanied by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality.
b. starvation: is a drastic reduction of the vitamins, nutrients and energy intake, and is the most extreme form of malnutrition.
c. butcher: person who handles the sale of meat and derivatives.
d. salting:
the preparation of food with edible salt for conservation or tastee.
e. drying: is a mass transfer process resulting in the removal of water moisture or moisture from another solvent, by evaporation from a solid, semi-solid or liquid to end in a solid state.
f. pickling: is the process of preserving food by anaerobic fermentation in brine to produce Lactic acid, or marinating and storing it in an acid solution, usually vinegar. The result is vinegar.
g. fermentation: the conversion of carbohydrates into alcohols or acids under anaerobic conditions used for making certain foods.
h. smoking: is the process of flavoring, cooking, or preserving food by exposing it to the smoke from burning or smoldering plant materials, most often wood.
i. milling:
is the process to grind grain or other materials in a mill.
j. food aid: is a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another.
k. malnutrition: pathological states by a lack of food intake or absorption or excess states of metabolic costs.
m. scurvy: disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C, which is necessary for collagen synthesis in humans.

n. obesity: chronic disease caused by many causes and many complications, obesity characterize the excess fat in the body and occurs when the body mass index increases more than normal.
o. genetically modified foods (organisms) GMOs: are foods derived from genetically modified organisms.
9. Define the word, wine.
Is an alcoholic beverage typically made of fermented grape juice.
10. Name 5 fruits which can be made into wine.

grape, apple, elderberry, mango, strawberry.
11. When (approximately) did the history of wine making begin?

Wine appear to around 6000 BC in Georgia and Iran but probalby appeared in Europe at about 4500 BC.
12. What are the origins of the word, wine.

Derives from the photo- Germanic "winam," an early borrowing from the Latin VINUM, "wine" or "(grape) vine ," itself derived from the photo-Indo-European stem *win-o- (cf. Hittite: wiyana, lycian: oino, ancient Grrek οῖνος - oînos, Aeolic Grrek foìvoς- woinos).
13. List 20 types of grape varieties.
White grape, cherry, red globe, california, cardinale, imperial, Alphonse Lavalle, Italy, Moscatel Rosada, Merlot, Carmenere, Agiorgitiko, Aglianico, Baga, Barbarossa, Barbera, Blatina, Freisa, Cienna, Duras.
14. Define the following words or terms:
a. vintage: refers to the harvesting of fruits, seeds or vegetables from the fields at the time of the year when ripe.
b. wine tasting: is the sensory examination and evaluation of wine.
c. aging of wine:
is a very important process in the preparation of the oldest alcoholic beverages. So much so that they might give you more flavor and quality of the wine I had before.
d. decanting: is a physical method of separation of heterogeneous mixtures, these can be a liquid and a solid or solidos.Es need 2 let it rest for the fluid sediment, ie decienda and possible extraction.
e. wine bottle: usually glass, which contains in its interior wine. Its design and features that make some wines ferment in the bottle and are bottled after fermentation cubas.se characterized by a closure based on corks or stoppers alternative.
f. wine cellars: place where wines are produced and stored. In many cases, excavated caves below ground.
g. cork taint: refering to a wine fault characterized by a set of undesirable smells or tastes found in a bottle of wine, especially spoilage that can only be detected after bottling. aging and opening.
h. box wines: is a wine packaged as a Bag-In-Box. Such packages contain a plastic bladder protected by a box, usuallymade of corrugated fiberboard.

15. Name the top 5 wine producing countries in the world.
France, Italy, Spain, United states, Argentina.
16. Beer is the third most popular drink in the world. What drinks are #1 and #2?

In the world is #1 water and #2tea.
17. What is the Code of Hammurabi?

It was the law in Mesopotamia.
18. Define the following words/terms:

a. stout (Irish & Imperial): dark or rich in colour and it has tasted like coffee.Imperial: strong dark beer and it has a high alcohol content.
b. Guinness, Murphy's and Beamish: it is a breweries of international interesting Irish.
c. pub crawling:
is the act of one or more people drinking in multiple pubs or bars in a single night.
d. hops: are the female flower cones, also known as strobiles, they are used primarily as a flavoring and stability agent in beer.

e. yeast:
it use in breweries for the production of a lots of kind of beer.
f. barley:
is a cereal which it serve as a major animal with smaller amounts used for malting like beer and wisky and in health food.
g. alcohol by volume: is a standard measure of how much alcohol is contained in an alcoholic beverage.
h. doppelbock:
is a Bavarian speciality beer that was first brewed by the monks of St Francis of Paula.
i. draught: draught beer, beer served from a keg or tap.
j. CAMRA (real ale): is an independent, voluntary, consumer organisation based in St. Albans, England, whose main aims are promoting real ale and the traditional British pub.
k. beer stein: is a traditional beer in German.
l. pewtar tankard: it is a form of drink ware consisting of a large, roughly cylindrical.
19. What is the difference between an ale and a lager?
Not understanding the question ....¿?
20. Name the largest brewing company in the world.

Anheuser-Busch Inbev.
21. Briefly discuss the history of wine making in Chile, with an emphasis on the rediscovery of the Carménère grape and its confusion with the Merlot grape. (50-100 words)

Chilean wines
It begins with the arrival of the Spanish territory that is known today as Chile, around the sixteenth century. They brought the vines, and by the year 1548 were known to use some particular plantations in Valle del Bío-Bío in the south.Carménère grape is unique to this country in the Southern Cone.Carménère strain was considered extinct until early in the 1990s, French wine experts, notably the Jean-Michel Boursiquot ampelographic, perceived that in Chile, this grape is still cultivated inadvertently mixed with Merlot feet.

lunes, 1 de junio de 2009

Evelyn Venegas/ASSIGNMENT #5/ TOURISM & TRANSPORTATION

1. Define the terms, transport or transportation.
Movement of people or things from one place to another is done by various means, including air, land and water pipes, espacio.El field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles and operations.
2. Give 10 examples of infrastructure.
Roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals and pipelines, terminals, airports, railway stations, bus stations, truck terminals.
3. What is containerization?
Is a system of intermodal freight transport using standard intermodal containers that are standardised by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). These can be loaded and sealed intact onto container ships, railroad cars, planes, and trucks.
4. What is urban sprawl?
Is when a rural city change to a urban city.
5. What was the earliest form of transportation?
walking, running and swimming.
6. Name 5 types of materials that are transported by pipeline.
Ethanol, hydrogen, water, beer and slurry.
7. Who built the first paved roads?
John Metcalfe
8. What inventions during the 19th century made important changes to transportation?
The first highways were constructed.
9. Define:
a. macadam :Is a type of road construction pioneered by the Scotsman John Loudon McAdam in around 1820.
b. tarmac :A portmanteau for tar penetration macadam is a type of highway surface.
c. concrete:A construction material composed of cement as well as other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate (generally a coarse aggregate such as gravel, limestone, or granite, plus a fine aggregate such as sand), water, and chemical admixtures.
10. What is the Shinkansen?
Is a network of high-speed railway lines in Japan operated by four Japan Railways Group companies.
11. Define the word, tourist.
Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination.
12. Name 4 nations which depend on tourism.
1.-Truly Asia in
2.- Peru live the legend in Peru
3.-Wow Philippines in Philippines
4.- Amazing Thailand in Thailand
13. Define the term, service industry? Give 5 examples.
The tertiary sector of economy (also known as the service sector or the service industry is one of the three economic sectors The general definition of the Tertiary sector is producing a service instead of just a end product.
14. Name the top 3 countries visited by international tourists.
1.- France.
2.- Italy.
3.- Unites States.
15. Which nation's tourists spend the most money on international travel?
Germany
16. What is the most visited attraction in:
a. Canada: Nigara Falls
b. Japan : Tokio Disneyland & Tokio Disneysea
c. China : Great wall of Chinad.
d.France : Notre Dame of Paris,Louvre, Eiffel Tower.
e. India : Louvre, Eiffel Tower.
17. What is the most visited city in:
a. Canada Toronto
b. United Arab Emirates New York City.
c. China Hong Kongd.
d.Turkey Istanbule.
e.Spain Barcelona.
18. When was the word, tourism, first used?
Was used for first time on 1840.
19. When was the word, tourist, first used?
The word tourism was used by 1811
20. Name 10 countries that have major ski resorts.
1. Canadá.
2. Chile3
3. France
4. Australia
5. New Zeland
6. United States
7. Switzerland
8. Spain
9. Argentina
10. Germany.
21. Define, adjectival tourism. Give 5 examples .
Adjectival tourism refers to the numerous niche or specialty travel forms of tourism that have emerged over the years, each with its own adjective. Many of these have come into common use by the tourism industry and academics. Others are emerging concepts that may or may not gain popular usage. Examples of the more common niche tourism markets include:
1.- Culinary tourism
2.- Disaster tourism
3.- Ecotourism
4.- Heritage tourism
5.- Nautical tourism.
22. Define the following terms:
a. eco-tourism is travel to fragile, pristine, and usually protected areas that strives to be low impact and (often) smaller scale.
b. medical tourism When there is a significant price difference between countries for a given medical procedure, particularly in Southeast Asia, India, Eastern Europe and where there are different regulatory regimes, in relation to particular medical procedures travelling to take advantage of the price or regulatory differences is often referred to as "medical tourism".
c. educational tourism Educational tourism developed, because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment. In educational tourism, the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visiting another country to learn about the culture, such as in Student Exchange Programs and Study Tours, or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment, such as in the International Practicum Training Program.
d. creative tourism Creative tourism has existed as a form of cultural tourism, since the early beginnings of tourism itself. Its European roots date back to the time of the Grand Tour, which saw the sons of aristocratic families traveling for the purpose of mostly interactive, educational experiences.
e. dark tourism One emerging area of special interest tourism has been identified by Lennon and Foley (2000) as "dark" tourism. This type of tourism involves visits to "dark" sites, such as
23. Define the word, staycation?
A staycation (or stay-cation, or stacation) is a neologism for a period of time in which an individual or family stays at home and relaxes at home or takes day trips from their home to area attractions. Staycations have achieved high popularity in current hard economic times in which unemployment levels and gas prices are high.
24. If you had the opportunity to travel to one place in the world (all expensives paid), where would you go? Why did you choose this location?
I would go to Egypt definitely because to me is an attractive country specially for his history, is very surprising and I always like it, since I was a little girl and listen the stories about the culture of this country that my teacher told us, I always imagined that could be there walking near to the pyramids and Nilo river or doing something with the papyrus.